Hamme and Emerson (2013) database, version 1.1 Authors: Roberta Hamme and Steven Emerson Date: 9 September 2017, updated note on lat/lon in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific added 1 March 2017. N2/Ar ratios and Ar concentrations were incorrect for Station P (50oN 145oW) in the original version of the database (though Arsat and N2/Arsat were correct in the original version of this database (6 June 2013) and in the paper), corrected in this version 9 September 2017. This database contains the data on dissolved gas measurements published in Hamme, Roberta C., and Steven R. Emerson (2013) Deep-sea nutrient loss inferred from the marine dissolved N2/Ar ratio, Geophysical Research Letters, 40, 1-5, doi:10.1002/grl.50275. The location of stations in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific are plotted incorrectly in Hamme and Emerson (2013) but are correct in this database. This data is provided free for educational and non-profit research purposes. We ask that you appropriately cite this publication in any work that uses this database. Please also send an e-mail to rhamme@uvic.ca, letting me know that you have downloaded the data, so that I can keep you apprised of any further corrections or changes. Both MatLab .mat databases and comma-delimited .csv text files are provided. These two formats contain identical information. The data from the paper is listed in order from approximately the North Atlantic through the Southern Ocean and into the North Pacific. Different cruises can be identified by location or cruisename. As in Hamme and Emerson (2013), most locations represent a single cruise. However, Hawaii (HOT) and Station Papa (LineP) are averages of multiple cruises. The individual cruise data from Hawaii is already available from this webpage as a separate download. The individual Line P data will be made available soon. At Hawaii the depth bins used were 0-100m, 104-180m, 195-255m, 460-510m, 900-1100m, 2900-3100m, 3850-4050m, 4400-4600m. At Line P the depth bins used were 0-140m, 140-300m, 300-550m, 900-1100m, 1900-2000m, 2900-3000m, 3900-4000m. No date is listed for these cruises because they are the averages of multiple dates. NaN = missing data. In particular, the Ar data is quality controlled by a further restriction on the standard deviation of the duplicates than the N2/Ar data. See paper for more details. Variable naming convention: lat or latitude - The latitude of the station in oN. Negative numbers indicate oS. lon or longitude - The longitude of the station in oE. Negative numbers indicate oW. date - This is the approximate date that samples were collected. In the MatLab database this is in the MatLab datenum format. In the csv files it is listed as separate year, month, and date. cruisename - cell array of strings in MatLab, enclosed in single quotes in csv file. Where an EXPO number was available this is listed first, followed by a more colloquial cruise number, followed by the ship name. press - Pressure in dbar. CTDtemp - in situ temperature measured by the CTD (using finalized bottle files for all cruises) in oC. CTDsal - salinity measured by the CTD (using finalized bottle files for all cruises), expressed on the PSS-78 scale. N2/Ar - Mean N2/Ar ratio determined by mass spectrometry with no units. For more information on the N2/Ar measurement method see Emerson et al. (1999) "Accurate measurement of O2, N2, and Ar gases in water and the solubility of N2", Marine Chemistry, volume 64, p. 337-347. Ar - Mean Ar concentration in umol/kg determined either from O2/Ar mass spectrometry measurements and O2 titration measurements or by Ar isotope dilution with 36Ar or 38Ar. For more information on the Ar measurement method by O2/Ar see Emerson et al. (1999) "Accurate measurement of O2, N2, and Ar gases in water and the solubility of N2", Marine Chemistry, volume 64, pp. 337-347. For the isotope dilution method, see Hamme, R.C., and J.P. Severinghaus (2007) "Trace gas disequilibria during deep-water formation", Deep Sea Research I, 54(6), p. 939-950. spike_winkler in MatLab or "Spike Or Winkler" in csv - 1 indicates that the Ar measurements given were made by the isotope dilution method and a 2 indicates that the Ar measurements were made by the O2/Ar and O2 winkler titration method. A value between 1 and 2 indicates an average of both methods from multiple cruises. depth - Depth in meters. ptmp - Potential temperature in oC and referenced to the surface. sigma-theta - Potential density of the seawater expressed in sigma units and referenced to the surface. neutral density - Neutral density of the seawater as calculated from Jackett, David R., Trevor J. McDougall, 1997: A Neutral Density Variable for the World's Oceans. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 237Ð263. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1997)0272.0.CO;2. N2Arsat - Mean supersaturation of N2/Ar ratio in percent. N2/Ar ratio determined by mass spectrometry divided by the equilibrium ratio for the potential temperature and salinity of the water - 1 * 100, ie. N2Arsat = ((N2/Ar) / (N2eq/Areq) - 1) * 100. N2/Ar supersaturation is calculated relative to the solubility curves of Hamme, R.C., S.R. Emerson (2004) "The solubility of neon, nitrogen and argon in distilled water and seawater", Deep-Sea Research I, 51(11), p. 1517-1528. Arsat - Mean supersaturation of Ar in percent. 0% indicates that the Ar concentration is in equilibrium for the potential temperature and salinity of the water. ie. Arsat = (Ar/Areq - 1) *100 Ar supersaturation is calculated relative to the solubility curve of Hamme, R.C., S.R. Emerson (2004) "The solubility of neon, nitrogen and argon in distilled water and seawater", Deep-Sea Research I, 51(11), p. 1517-1528. N2/Arsat stdev - Standard deviation of the N2/Ar supersaturation in percent. Simple standard deviation of the N2/Arsat for this location / depth. Note that this is NOT a standard deviation of the mean. N2/Arsat num - Number of individual samples included in the N2/Ar mean and standard deviation. For most locations, this is 2, i.e. the mean is a mean of duplicate samples from that depth. At Hawaii and Station Papa, the values given are averaged at these approximate depths from multiple cruises (see note near beginning of this document) and the number indicates how many samples were included in that average. This value is useful if you would like to calculate the standard deviation of the mean for these samples. Arsat stdev - Standard deviation of the Ar supersaturation in percent. Simple standard deviation of the Arsat for this location / depth. Note that this is NOT a standard deviation of the mean. Arsat num - Number of individual samples included in the Ar mean and standard deviation. For most locations, this is 2, i.e. the mean is a mean of duplicate samples from that depth. At Hawaii and Station Papa, the values given are averaged at these approximate depths from multiple cruises (see note near beginning of this document) and the number indicates how many samples were included in that average.